Makefile

介紹

實做

  • GNU Make

  • BSD Make

範例

並行執行

taskA:
    @echo "this is task A"
    @sleep 1
    @echo "end task A"

taskB: taskA
    @echo "this is task B"
    @sleep 3
    @echo "end task B"

taskC: taskA
    @echo "this is task C"
    @sleep 2
    @echo "end task C"

taskD: taskC
    @echo "this is task D"
    @sleep 4
    @echo "end task D"

taskE: taskB taskD
    @echo "this is task E"

切換 Shell

SHELL := python3
.ONESHELL:

foo:
    import os
    import platform
    print(os.getpid())
    print(platform.platform())

help

風格ㄧ:

help:
    @grep -E '^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | sort | awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "}; {printf "\033[36m%-30s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2}'

foo:    ## task foo
bar:    ## task bar

$ make help
bar                            task bar
foo                            task foo

風格二:

help:  ## Display this help
    @awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*##"; printf "\nUsage:\n  make \033[36m<target>\033[0m\n"} /^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?##/ { printf "  \033[36m%-15s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2 } /^##@/ { printf "\n\033[1m%s\033[0m\n", substr($$0, 5) } ' $(MAKEFILE_LIST)

##@ Section 1

bar:    ## task bar
foo:    ## task foo

##@ Section 2

abc:    ## task abc
def:    ## task def

$ make help

Usage:
  make <target>
  help             Display this help

Section 1
  bar              task bar
  foo              task foo

Section 2
  abc              task abc
  def              task def

執行指令前都先輸出是在跑哪一行

_SHELL := $(SHELL)
SHELL = $(warning [$@])$(_SHELL)

task1:
    @echo 1.1
    @echo 1.2

task2:
    @echo 2.1
    @echo 2.2

task3: task1 task2
    @echo 3.1
    @echo 3.3

$ make task3
Makefile:5: [task1]
1.1
Makefile:6: [task1]
1.2
Makefile:9: [task2]
2.1
Makefile:10: [task2]
2.2
Makefile:13: [task3]
3.1
Makefile:14: [task3]
3.3

$ make task3 -j 2
Makefile:5: [task1]
Makefile:9: [task2]
1.1
Makefile:6: [task1]
2.1
Makefile:10: [task2]
1.2
2.2
Makefile:13: [task3]
3.1
Makefile:14: [task3]
3.3

根據平台客製化

OS=$(shell uname)

run: run-${OS}

run-Linux:
    @echo "this is Linux"

run-Darwin:
    @echo "this is macOS"

開發流程整合

test: test-unit test-integration

test-unit:
    @echo "=> running unit test"

test-integration:
    @echo "=> running integration test"

linter:
    @echo "=> running linter"

build-container:
    @echo "=> building container"

ci: linter test build-container
    @echo "=> done!!!"

make ci -j$(proc)

繼承另一個 Makefile

include ../base.Makefile

更改預設

.DEFAULT_GOAL := help

參考